Two aircraft were specially modified for record-setting purposes, which included removing all unnecessary equipment, including the landing gear on one aircraft. Tchaika crews are reportedly fond of their aircraft, finding it reliable, maneuverable and fast, although on long missions the noise and vibration is tiring. Other Be-12s, without specific modifications, performed other missions such as fishery protection, whaling patrol, Arctic base supply transport, mapping, geophysical survey, and utility transport.
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Three other aircraft were converted (as BE-12NkH) to passenger transports, with the MAD stinger and other ASW equipment removed and additional windows added, but two of the planes were involved in accidents, and further development was abandoned. A Be-12PS landing at an airfield in 2016.
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Four examples were converted to Be-12PS (Poiskovo-Spasatelynyi, "Search Rescue") aircraft, which carried life rafts and other survival equipment ten additional new-built Be-12PS were also produced. As changes to American submarine operations saw them operating further and further from shore, the Be-12's effectiveness as an ASW platform was reduced, and new roles were found for the Tchaika. Twenty-seven aircraft were upgraded to -12N standards, which included new sensors and the Nartsiss computerized search/attack system, as well as upgraded avionics and a new MAD boom. Production of the base Be-12 model reached 143 aircraft when production ceased in 1973. The Be-12 officially debuted at the 12 August 1961 Soviet Aviation Day celebration at Tushino Airfield, with production beginning in 1963 and the Tchaika entering service with the AV-MF (Авиация Военно-Морского Флота, Aviatcia Voenno-Morskogo Flota, "Naval Aviation") soon thereafter. Two prototypes of the Be-12 were built at the GAZ 86 plant in Taganrog, with the maiden flight occurring on 18 October 1960. OPERATIONAL HISTORY, VARIANTS, AND OPERATORS. In flight, the Be-12 is capable of dropping sonobuoys, and in calm waters it can land and use its own sonar to listen for submarines. A search radar is housed in the thimble radome forward of the navigator's station, while a Magnetic Anomaly Detector (MAD) stinger extends from the tail.
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Over shorter ranges, patrols of up to five hours are possible. At max fuel, no weapons, the plane can fly for 5,500 kilometers, while at max weapons payload, the range shrinks to just less than 3,000km. Two Ivchenko "Progress" Al-20D turboprop engines, driving 4-bladed constant-speed propellers, produce 3,964kW of power each, pushing the Be-12 to a top speed of 530kmh (330mph). Four crew was standard, with two pilots and the radar/sensor operator in the cabin and the navigator in the glazed compartment in the nose. The empty weight is 24,000kg, while maximum takeoff weight is 36,000kg an internal bomb bay can hold depth charges and sonobuoys, while two pylons can be fitted to each wing for air-dropped torpedoes, mines, bombs, anti-shipping missiles or unguided rockets.
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The Be-12 is 30 meters, long, with a wingspan also of 30 meters and a height of 8 meters. The Tchaika was also an amphibian, able to land on water as well as on runways, allowing the plane more operational flexibility. The new Be-12, nicknamed the Tchaika ("Seagull), was longer and heavier than the previous aircraft, and was now powered by two turboprop engines, though it kept the wing and tail. When a replacement was needed in the late 1950s, Beriev started with the Be-6, but the resulting plane bore only a passing resemblance. | Photo: Romanoff via ĭesigned as a successor to an earlier Beriev design, the Be-12 has served in various roles from 1960 through to the present.ĭesigned at the end of WWII, the Beriev Be-6 (USAF/DOD: Type 34, NATO: Madge) was a successful maritime recon, anti-sub and transport flying boat known for its twin piston engines, gull wings and H tail. The Be-12 was designed in the 1960s, but is still flying today in small numbers. FLIGHTLINE: 197 - BERIEV BE-12 TCHAIKA ("SEAGULL", NATO: MAIL)